Swasti Sansthan

Analysis of Emotions

God and Satan both have existed since the creation of universe. It has been stated and all the scriptures agree to it that the God in unborn. But there is a difference of opinion about the birth of Satan. Both Bible and Koran mentions that Adam was created by God as his own copy and then he created Eve out of the pelvic girdle of the Adam. So human beings were born like Adam & Eve. God blessed Adam that you prosper and spread your progeny to occupy the Earth. After creating Adam from Earth, God asked the Angels to pay regards to Adam as he is the Caliph. All the Angels paid regards to Adam but Apollyon (Iblis) refused to do so and started arguing with God. He said that Adam is made from earth but Angels are made from fire and hence they are more pure. God declared Apollyon as a rebel to his dictate and debarred him from entry in to the heaven. He was also given the title of Satan. Satan challenged the God about the Adams wisdom and said that if he is given the chance he will cause the Adam to fall from his high morality. God had a design for Adam so he accepted the challenge from Apollyon and gave him time to do that but at the same time he blessed Adam with wisdom and guidance to save him from the designs of Satan. He proclaimed that those who will move according to the guidance of him will not fall prey to the designs of Satan and those who will not follow the guidance will be befallen to the designs of Satan and will go to hell.

God had created Adam and settled him the Garden of Eden. In this garden there were two special trees. One of the trees bore the fruits of wisdom i.e. the knowledge of good and bad. The other was the tree with fruits of eternity. God had forbidden Adam and Eve from eating the fruits from these two trees. Apollyon the Satan saw an opportunity in it. Made a plan and came to the Garden of Eden in the shape of snake. He started misleading Eve that the God has discriminated with them and has not believed on them by forbidding them from eating the fruits of ‘wisdom’ and ‘eternity’ as otherwise by eating them both will become equal to God. Eve came in the deceit and started thinking that God is not impartial. She had a natural curiosity as well, of knowing the effect of the eating of the forbidden fruits. She first of all pluck one fruit from the tree of wisdom & went to Adam and convinced him to eat it. They ate the fruit together. Immediately after eating it both of them realized that they had no clothes on their body and they were naked. They became ashamed and attempted to cover their secret parts and hid themselves behind trees. When God came to the garden and did not find them he understood that they have eaten the forbidden fruit of wisdom. He immediately decided to throw them out of heaven.

He immediately called them and asked for their explanation; Adam felt highly ashamed and begged his pardon but Eve tried to justify and confessed that snake in the garden had advised her to eat the fruit. God realized that Satan in the guise of the snake had done the mischief. So he cursed them all. First of all he cursed the snake that he will have no legs and will always move by creeping alone and will eat the earth to satiate his hunger. He cursed Eve that she will always be a slave to Adam and dependent on him because of immense desire and she will also bear the pains of child rearing and child birth. He cursed Adam to strive hard for earning the livelihood for both him and Eve and to work hard to nourish their of-springs. Both were expelled from heaven and sent to Earth as if they would have remained in the Garden of Eden they would eat the fruit of Eternity as well and the God did not want that. Adam and Eve were therefore cursed to go through the cycle of birth/ death and rebirth till they achieve salvation by doing good deeds. This cycle started by God of rebirth and the karma (deeds) then continued till now and we all are going through it. Satan was given time up to the dooms day when all will be given justice by God according to their deeds. On one side humans have the guidance of God & on the other side they have designs of Satan. They have to carve a way in between to attain salvation.

That was the onset of the internecine struggle, the battle from within of good and bad in the conscience of the human beings. This has been succinctly depicted in this couplet of Mirza Ghalib as under

Imaan mujhe roke hai to kheenche hai mujhe kufra

Kaaba mere age hai to Kalisa mere peeche.

(If dharma stops me from doing something, adharma pulls me to do the same. When Kaaba is at my back the Church is ahead of me.)

My book Manmath is based on this eternally existing battle from within between the positive and negative emotions, in the minds of human beings.

In the mind and the conscience of a person there are same emotions which cause him to do good for himself and others. They raise the person on the mental platform. These emotions are called as positive emotions. For examples piety/sympathy, regard/devotion, firmness/stillness, love/affection, wisdom / detachment, courage/bravery etc. Similarly there are some other emotions in the mind set of humans which cause them to fall on mental platform and self esteem. They are called as negative emotions. As for example lust/anger, greed/attachment, pride/jealousy, ego/hatred, etc. All the emotions actually arise in the mindset/conscience of a person and at one point of time any one emotion or more emotions can dominate on it. The mind can control over these emotions if it is trained well to do so by practice or otherwise there can be a sudden burst of positive as well as negative emotions. This wisdom is the guidance of the all mighty given to the Adam & Eve against the desire of evil the Satan to cause the humans fall from the moral standards prescribed by the God.

The conscience of a person has been considered to be divided into three parts or can be of three types. The first and the foremost part of it is the ‘Sub Conscious Mind’. It is under the guidance of it that all our actions which are involuntary or not controlled by the conscious mind happen and our body remains active. Like digestion of the food, circulation of the blood, breathing, making of blood, muscles, bones, cartilage, bone marrow, stool, urine, sperms, ovum etc. It’s because of this ‘sub conscious mind’ that we get addicted slowly to many things which we do daily without involvement of the conscious mind. Then once the subconscious mind gets addicted to a particular thing the conscious mind finds it very difficult to leave it or to come out if it. The sanskaras of our ancestors, our hereditary behaviors are all governed by this subconscious mind, the powers of which are enormous. These ancestral or hereditary attributes surface in our behavior very often as positive or negative instincts, thoughts and desires, which generally remain suppressed in the conscience.

The second conscience is the ‘Alert Mind’ or the ‘Conscious Mind’. This mind thinks, probes, compare, analyses, and controls and does the most important work of decision making. Experience, cleverness, intellect, wits etc all are the works of this conscious mind. All positive and negative emotions and our behavior under these emotions is controlled by it and it can be groomed or trained to become very balanced in behavior even under spurts of both positive and negative emotions and the hormones causing them.

The third important conscience is the ‘Spiritual Mind’ which deals with the elevation of our Atman or spirit. The knowledge of all the spiritualism, feelings of the super soul and the soul within us, the purity of our thought process and many of the positive emotions like piety, kindness, affection, intimacy of souls, empathy, sympathy, devotion, worship, kind hardheartedness, etc are all the manifestations of this spiritual mind.

Yoga-sutras, our ancient philosophical scriptures have described five stages of spiritual development of our Atman or conscience (in scientific terms our mind).

(1).Foolish mind- laziness, sleep, anger, rage, involvement and all negativeness are dominant in this stage of mind.

(2).Desirous mind- his stage is dominated by ‘raja’ or desires for all worldly possessions and routine kind of works to full fill the desires. This mind is fully engrossed in achievement and attainment of the desires which gives rise to more & more desires, only causing tension.

(3).Split mind- this stage is dominated sometimes by the desirous mind and sometimes by the emancipated mind. Sometimes negativeness overwhelm the mind and sometimes positivism over-helm it. This mind thus dwells in both sat and raja i.e. spiritualistic and worldly attitudes and is undecided in priorities.

(4).Concentrated mind- this stage is dominated by satva or the spiritual attitudes. Mind has decided its priority which is obviously settled in favor of spiritual attitudes rather than worldly attitudes.

(5).Emancipated mind- this mind is completely at peace and is also fully resolved to and committed to emancipation i.e. freedom form desire and all kinds of worries (sankalp as well as vikalpa) one has to strive to attain this stage called as the Moksha.

We should aim at converting our Foolish Mind into an Emancipated Mind and the two things which help us in achieving this task are Control and Practice. They serve as the Ankush which control even an elephant. When someone does the analysis of his emotions and observe the development and the progress of a particular emotion in his mind he can very well see as well as understand as to what are the changes which happen in the psychology of him, mind set of him and even the physiology of his body. Human beings are the creatures who can feel, analyze, and even control the various emotions which are arising and developing in their mind. By and large even then, in human beings, majority of the decisions taken by them are under the partial or total control of positive or negative emotions. When emotions arise they even hijack or engulf the power to think and reason out, of the person concerned and make him totally blind to logic or justice, even justification of the actions taken by him. Therefore emotions are generally attached to heart and not to the mind or reason/logic.

As the humans developed as a race the various emotions got aroused in their complicated brains. The Homo sapiens were not physically very strong as compared to the other animals of animal kingdom, hence they always felt unsafe of their life and existence and therefore the first and the foremost emotion which influenced their mind was the Fear. This emotion became so much deep seated in their minds that nearly all their actions and reactions were designed to tackle with Fear. This race was always under the ‘Flight or Fight Syndrome’ and the only logic which remained was to assess as to whether they could fight with the cause of danger or they have to flee from it to save the life. Human beings felt insecure and unsafe everywhere. To give an example when a father came back home from his field he found that his pet mongoose’s (neola) mouth was stained with blood. He had left his recently born child at home under the belief that the pet mongoose will take care of him. But seeing the mongoose blood stained he got suspicious and the fear struck his mind that the mongoose has killed his child. The insecurity and fear over whelmed his mind and he lost reason or logic to go and verify the truth. This insecurity and unfounded fear gave rise to remorse and revenge and his mind was hijacked by rage. In this condition of rage he immediately killed the mongoose. After this happened he got back the logic to verify as to whether his child was safe or not. He went inside to find the child happy and healthy and also found that one snake was lying dead near the child which was killed by the mongoose in order to save the child from snakes bite. Now he realized the mistake made by him of killing the mongoose without any reason and he was overcome by repentance and remorse. Any way the situation had already gone out of his control and his pet mongoose who was so dear and loyal to him had been killed by him alone. This generally happens in stage of rage the highest & uncontrollable from of anger and surprisingly the anger this case arose out of insecurity.

Till now there were no detailed scientific studies made regarding the conscience of the human beings. But now the science has slowly realized the powers of conscious and sub conscious and the physiological/biological studies of the genesis and spread of all the kinds of feelings and emotions in human mind and body are being made. The technique which has helped most, the scientists who are doing the job is the Brain Mapping or Brain Imaging Technique. This technique can show us as to what kind of changes are happening in our mind and the mental makeup (mind set) when we are experiencing some emotion or when we are going through some mental turmoil or even when we are completely at rest and sleeping a fast. Now the scientists know as to what part of the brain is center of our all the emotions. Which part of the brain gets activated when we are experiencing the positive emotions like pleasure and satisfaction and which part of our brain gets activated when we are under a negative emotion's spell like anger or hatred. What are the changes in the chemistry of the brain when we are burst into laughter and when we are immersed in tears? We now know the entire emotional architecture of our brain. Jack Gallant and his research team based at University of California, Barkley has tried and succeeded in peeping into the imaging center of the brain to find as to how the memories are registered in our brain. Using the Brain Imaging Technique they could reproduce a video clip shown to the subjects, on the screen & again, by tapping it from their brain after some time. It was an astonishing reconstruction of that video which was shown to the subjects just some time before and it can be said to be a brilliant success of the brain imaging technique. The scientists put three persons on a .FMRI Brain Scanner and showed them clips of some Hollywood movies. They then recorded the signals emanating from their brain in regard to understanding and watching these movie clips. These signals were electromagnetic and they were converted into images by the advanced computer. The clips shown to them were regarding some elephants roaming in a desert. Though the computer generated images were not as clear as the clips, images were, but by seeing them anybody could have made out that they were regarding elephants roaming in a desert. This actually was a direct download of what one has been seen by eyes, from the brain of that person and they really explained that the visual cortex of the human mind is working just like a camera and registers the images/photos seen by the eyes as pictures in electromagnetic impulses, which can be used to reconstruct the images again on a super computer.

Jack Gallant is one of those scientists who are trying to read the brain of human beings by analyzing the brain patterns obtained through Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan.Taking images out of the electromagnetic signals emitted or impulses emitted by the human brain when he is watching something or doing something is a wonder in itself. But though brain mapping is a wonder of science but the bigger still challenge is to unearth and read the thoughts and depict then exactly which are in the human mind when he was seeing those images through his eyes. This is because images are registered in some different part of the brain and the thoughts in regard to them are registered elsewhere.Tom Michel and Morsel Just the scientists at Melon University, Carnegie are engaged in this work with zeal and enthusiasm and are hopeful that they will accomplish it very soon. Once it is possible doctors will be able to peep into the brain of the persons and find out the reasons as well as consequence of all the psychological disorders and will be able to intervene and cure them easily. Every person will then be able to understand his emotional weaknesses- and strengths and will also be able to understand the cause of them. Then by knowing the cause and understanding it he will then be able to control them according to his needs and will be able to make the utilization of the weaknesses as well as strengths of his emotions. Then we will be able to rear and develop our children as emotionally very strong or with a very high Emotional Quotient. By doing this we can control the mental makeup of the entire society, entire country entire human race and can be much evolved.The great philosopher Aristotle once said that, “alas! we could by angry with a right person at a right point of time to the right extent for a right purpose and can express our anger in a most appropriate manner”. This will be possible very soon and will be reality in near future. Emotional grooming, nourishing, feeding of the children will make them good human beings, good citizens and good creatures. The book ‘Manmath’ has been written by me with this avowed cause, laudable cause of emotional balancing of the human brain. Hence I have named it as a book on emotional balancing.The brain waves of emotions are of two types and they flow into two directions which are apposite to each other. One kind of waves, ‘materialistic waves’ and the other ate ‘emancipation waves’. One flows towards materialistic gains and other flows towards mental peace and salvation.

Since these two waves flows in opposite directions they counter each other. Means if one wants to achieve emancipation; the materialistic waves arising in his mind will resist him from achieving it. Similarly if someone wants to achieve only materialistic gains then the emancipation waves arising in his mind will oppose him. Hence whatever is the ones’ objective he has to enhance those waves which help him in achieving the objective and suppress those waves which oppose his objective? But the complication is that if one wants emancipation and he is not able to control the materialistic waves, then he may loss his mental balance. Similarly if one is pursuing materialistic gains and he is unable to control the emancipation waves he again may lose his mental balance. It is for this reason that you find an extremely ascetic person astonishingly and suddenly getting terrorized by the materialistic outrage and committing suicide. And an extremely materialistic person, when struck by emancipation waves, feels complete hollowness in the materialistic gains and immediately becomes an ascetic and detached from the world. In an old movie Chitralekha the hero is an avowed ascetic who takes pride in his spiritual attainments. A courtesan, the heroine Chitralekha pursuing materialistic pleasures becomes impressed by the spiritual competence of Mahindra Giri and d enunciates her materialistic pursuit to join spiritual pursuit at Mahindra Gris cave abode. Mahindra Giri tries to give spirituality to Chitralekha but becomes overawed with her beauty and becomes attached to her. His materialistic attachment with Chitralekha becomes so deep that he decides to leave ascetic life and proposes to marry her. But Chitralekha becomes grossly disillusioned because of fall of Mahindra Giri from his spiritual heights and she refuses all the advances and proposal of Mahindra Giri and decides to leave him. Mahindra Giri becomes crest fallen and deeply hurt both ways by Chitralekha’s refusal and his ego of having attained spiritual heights, being totally crushed. He leaves his abode to commit suicide and dies after being bitten by a snake. On the flipper side of the story Chitralekha’s, erstwhile lover Beej Gupta who also was pursuing materialistic pleasures becomes disillusioned with them when Chitralekha leaves him to join Mahindra Giri in spiritual pursuit. He renounces the world and decides to join spiritual pursuit by joining dharma of Lord Buddha. When Chitralekha comes back to the capital on finding this, she also leaves to join the dharma marg preached by Lord Buddha and both of them attain salvation. This is a very succinct example of how the materialistic waves clash with the waves of emancipation and what happens when opposite kind of waves all of a sudden comes into the life of a person who till then was fully pursuing another or opposite kind of waves, whether materialistic or spiritual.

Yoga-darshan acclaims that human beings are made up of physical body the soul and the inner self (micro body). This inner self or ‘sukshma sareer’ is nothing but our conscience. Sat, raja and tama are the three main attitudes in which the living beings dwell. They are also identified man, buddhi & ahankar. The man represents ‘raja’ which has the unlimited extent in all the three dimensions and in time. Buddhi represents ‘satva’ and ahankar represents tama. When raja combines with tama it indulges into all the negativeness and the same raja (man) when combines with satva or buddhi indulges into all the positivism. The real emancipation comes when this union or indulgence of raja with satva and tama stops and soul becomes detached from both negativeness and positivism. In this stage ahankar vanishes and buddhi becomes pure (vimal). This is the stage of moksha. The basic sutra proposed by Patanjali in his Yogsutra is-

‘Yoga chitta vritti nirodh’ According to swami Vivekananda this sutra means that yoga stops the man (raja) from dwelling in both satva and tama. Its controlling the conscience from dwelling here and there and making it still (sthirmati) Patanjali prescribed eight folded ways to control the conscience which is called as ‘Ashtanga Yoga’ (eight organic yoga). The five outer organs of it are yama, niyama, aasanaas, pranayam and pratyahar and the three inner organs are dharma, dhyan and samadhi. The five outer elements are to be practiced by body (are physical) but the remaining three are to be practiced by inner self our pran (soul). When a yogi by sustained practice is able to control perfectly the outer five elements then the conscience no more remains extrovert, it rather becomes introvert. This stage leads to the first inner elements control i.e. the ‘dharana’ of that yogi becomes stable and controlled automatically. The conscience no more waiver. It’s now prepared for ‘dhyan’ the second inner organ of the Ashtanga Yoga. Dhyan means perpetual dwelling of the chitta or consciousness in wisdom which then becomes pure (viral) and yogi feels enlightened and undisturbed by anything. ‘Dhyan manga's the term used for this stage of the yogi which means that conscience is deeply immersed in pure knowledge and nothing else. When dhyan matures or it persists for eternity in a yogi, he is said to be in the state of ‘samadhi’. Such an enlightened yogi is full of pragya (pure wisdom) his soul is at complete rest and he doesn’t experience any pleasure or agony of the body as well as the soul. He is desire- less and hence free from all the botheration of the universe. He is said to have achieved nirvana (salvation). The Buddhist philosophy of nirvana, the Jain philosophy of ‘kaivalya gyana’ and the Hindu philosophy of ‘moksha’ are all identical, only the nomenclature may be different and they are identical also to the western philosophy of ‘salvation’ or ‘emancipation’. In the western philosophy Plato for the first time said that there are two bodies of a human being i.e. visible which is the physical body (sthool sareer) and the other is invisible, the inner self (man or conscious). But he said that they both are opposed to each other and are conflicting.

Arastoo proposed that the body and the soul are one and the same and they cannot and do not have separate existence. The philosophies of Plato and Arastoo initially satiated the quest of the knowledge regarding conscience, soul and body. Arastoo said that human mind is gaining information from all around and analyses them to form a human being’s attitude towards them and these attitudes or perceptions then make the character, behavior and hobbies of him which in a composite manner can be equated to the man of that person which he described as conscience (antar ataman). Conscious (chetan) mind and subconscious (avchetan) minds were discovered later on when the sciences of biology and physiology came into existence and human nervous system was studied along with the psychology. In 1646-1716 a philosopher Gottfried Wilhelm Won Leibnitz of Germany proposed the thesis of sub conscious mind. Another philosopher Lock John (1632-1704) proposed that the world of human experience can be divided into two parts. One part is the experiences perceived and gained by the sensory organs and senses and the others gained by the conscience (chitta or man). It is the conscious he said which analyses all the things seen or perceived and enriches or develops them to be appropriately understood and stored. What’s the difference between conscience and conscious? They stem from the same Latin root, but their usage is distinct. Writers occasionally confuse the two words, but if you remain conscious, you’ll likely be able to say with a clear conscience that you know the difference. Conscience and Conscious both come from the Latin word conscious; the word elements mean “with” and “to know”. (yes, the- science in conscience means the same thing as science itself.) Conscience is a noun meaning “sense of the quality of one’s character and conduct,” “adherence to moral principles,” and “consideration of fairness and justice.” Confusion between conscience and conscious occurs because the latter word is sometimes used as a noun synonymous with consciousness, meaning “mental awareness,” though the longer form is usually employed. More often, however, conscious appears as an adjective meaning “aware” or “awake,” or “involving perception or thought.” It also appears in combination with a noun in phrasal adjectives such as “budget conscious” to refer to someone who is concerned, sensitive, or vigilant about something. Conscience and conscious can be distinguished because the former word is qualitative-people have various degrees of moral strength-while conscious as its antonym, unconscious, indicates, is quantitative: You’re either one or the other, whether the word is used as a noun or an adjective.However, consciousness, as the word is usually applied, like conscious refers to a continuum: we speak of raising one’s consciousness and of higher consciousness, because this quality can be improved or increased. Like the noun conscious, though, consciousness has a quantitative sense as well, referring to a state of mental activity, as opposed to unconsciousness caused by illness or injury.

John Searle, the American philosopher was the one who came up with the famous Chinese room experiment and has done much work on consciousness, artificial intelligence and rationality. In this talk, he urges more research on consciousness, for he asks, “what does art or science matter if one is in coma? So consciousness is everything and the work done on it has been abysmally low and slow.” The reason for this, says the professor emphatically, “…is a combination of two features of our intellectual culture that like to think they are opposing each other but in fact share a common set of assumptions…” Both religion and science say consciousness is not part of the physical world. “But,” says Searle, I have only one message in this lecture and that is, consciousness is a biological phenomenon like photosynthesis, digestion, mitosis…once you accept that, most of the hard problems about consciousness simply evaporate.” Saying so, Searle goes on to recount all the misunderstandings about consciousness…it is as ephemeral as sunset and rainbows, it is a computer program running in the brain, only thing that exists is behavior, consciousness makes no difference to the world…” “People always say consciousness is hard to define. I think it is rather easy to define. We’re not ready for a scientific definition. Consciousness consists of all those states of feeling or sentience or awareness. It begins in the morning when you wake up from a dreamless sleep and it goes in all day until you fall asleep or die or become unconscious otherwise. Dreams are a form of consciousness on this definition. All our conscious states, without exception, are caused by lower-level neuron-biological processes in the brain and they are realized in the brain as higher-level or systems features. It is about as mysterious as the liquid of water. The liquidity is not extra juice squirted out by H2O molecules. It is a condition that the system is in. And just as the jar full of water can go from a liquid to solid state depending on the behavior of the molecules, your brain can go form a state of being conscious to a state of being unconscious depending on the behavior of the molecules. The famous body-mind problem is that simple,” says Searle.

Searle goes on to specify some exact features of consciousness. It is real and irreducible. You can’t get rid of it…Descartes may have made a lot of mistakes but he was right about this…you cannot doubt the existence of your own consciousness. The second feature is that all of our conscious states have a qualitative character to them. This qualitative feel automatically generates a third feature, namely conscious states are by definition subjective, in the sense that they only exist as experienced by some human or animal subject, some self that experiences them. Maybe we will build a conscious machine, but since we don’t know how our brains do it, we’re not in a position, so far, to build a conscious machine.” The fourth feature, “…it comes in unified conscious fields. So I don’t just have the sight of the people in front of me and the sound of my voice and the weight of my shoes against the floor, but they occur to me as part of one single great conscious field that stretches forward and backward.That is the key to understanding the enormous power of the consciousness. The disappointment of robotics derives from the fact that we do not know how to make a conscious robot...” Searle goes on, “The next feature of consciousness is that it function causally in our behavior.” Searle demonstrates that a thought in the brain cause actions to happen. “…one and the same event has a level of description where it is neuro-biological and another level where it is mental…the human consciousness has something more than syntax…it has got semantics.”Searle demolishes the subjectivity-objectivity objection by asking, are doctors not dealing with pain which is subjective?“Consciousness has to become accepted as a genuine biological phenomenon…” says Searle. The other words descended from form Latin word are self conscious, which literally means “self-aware,” but has acquired a connotation of “preoccupied with how one is perceived by others” an attitude that leads to shyness and stress. The other word derived from conscious is conscientious which means “scrupulous” or “careful”; a conscientious objector is someone who objects to a requirement on religious or sentimental grounds like objecting to mandatory vaccination or military conscription on religions or sentimental grounds.

In the 18^th century the nervous system of the human being was studied in details and the scientists realized that conscious is actually the mind make up of all the experience gained through sense organs and the other mental preceptors. It was also realized that the actions performed by the human body can be classified into voluntary and in-voluntary. Voluntary actions are controlled by the conscious mind of the human beings and involuntary actions are not at all controlled by the conscious mind. Therefore there is what can be called as a subconscious mind which controls the involuntary actions of the human body. In the 20^th century Austrian psychologist Sigmund Freud tried in great details to understand the psyche, mindset and attitude as well as emotions of the human beings. He first of all proposed that all the actions, emotions and psychic behaviors of human beings are governed either by his ‘basic insecurity’ (fear) or the ‘basic instinct’ (to have sex). He said that by gradual practice and control through application of mind, the ‘insecurity instinct’ and ‘basic instinct’ can be modified and the social needs can be taken care of. This is required because human beings are different from other animals as they are intelligent as well as social beings. But this control should be spontaneous and self practiced as if it is imposed it may give rise to inferiority complexes which can at any point of time can explode and can make a person psychopath or psychological wreck.Whether it’s called chitta or conscious (man) it actually is a result of interactions which happen between mind and the external world. Included in this external world are the societies, civilization, history, race, politics, language etc. For an objective thesis of the conscious (chitta or man) the following things are to be included.

(1). conscious is the resultant of experiences undergone and perceived by the sensory organs and other preceptors.

(2). the selection of targets and the resolution of achieving them (sank alp) is because of conscious.

(3). impulses, experiences, perceptions, and feelings of all the positive and negative emotions are all because of conscious.

(4). the power of analysis, the capability to think and the awareness is possible only because of conscious.

(5). the power of imagination and creation is also because of conscious. All the desires are also because of conscious.

The main problems in the way of stabilization of conscious (chitta/man) are the desires. Any desire of the mind never ends with its fulfillment; on the contrary it becomes more express. Control of desires is therefore a must. The regulation of the desires can only lead to real satisfaction. Desires are actually burdens on the mind as they lead to conflicts. So leave your desires one by one and get rid of these burdens. Loosen the materialistic ties and attain spiritualism. Spiritual elevation and seeking emancipation is not any kind of selfishness and some more social beings call it. The emancipation of an individual is the elevation of the society as every emancipated mind thinks positive about everybody. Bhagvad Gita has said that;

Water continuously flows from the earth to oceans,

but oceans never overflow because of it.

Similarly, desires flow to the mind of a yogi.

but the yogis’ mind is not disturbed by this flow of desires.

Yogis’ mind has actually attained the eternal peace.

One, who has left all the desires, attains eternal peace and becomes yogi.

Such yogi lives without any desire or need of any kind.

He is also free form pride and is also detached from the ego of attainment.

The Urdu poet Trilok Chand ‘Mahroom’ has very succinctly depicted it,

After losing all my desires I am pretty well.

All my problems have been solved very easily.

Another Urdu poet Josh Malsiani has also very succinctly depicted it,

If the man wouldn’t have the blemish of desire,

He would have been a real jewel.

Famous author James Allen has written in his book ‘As a man thinks’ that the conscious (man/ chitta) of a person is like a garden which can both be cultured and well cultivated or can be allowed to become unruly and wild. The negativeness of the conscience are just like weeds. Like a garden can be ruined by weeds the conscience can be ruined by negativeness and can become sick. When a persons’ psyche is ill he cannot be physically also healthy. Psychological illness is more damaging and more difficult to cure. Dr. S. Weir Mitchell says that, it’s actually the psyche which becomes ill and not our physique and hence one should save the mind from negativeness and thoughts of illness. The thought and the psyche of illness is a major negativity and one should always try to avoid this negativity to attain mental peace. Joshua Loath Leibman (1907-1948) who is an accomplished author has written that he prepared a detailed list of things which can make one happy and contended. Then he went to an elderly person and asked him as to whether the list is complete or not. The wise man told him that this list is almost complete and is very well conceived but for one item, the absence of which make it completely useless. He was surprised because according to him nothing of that importance was left by him in that list. Leibman asked him as to what was that. The wise man told him that you delete every item of the list and just write two words on it. ‘Mental Peace’. Leibman agreed immediately for that and tore his list at once and decided to attain ‘Mental Peace’. Guru Nanak Dev had very succinctly stated that.

Man jeete sansar, man ke haare haar hai, man ke jeete jeet.

(Conscious wins the world. Conscious defeated person defeated, conscious wins person wins)

Swede Marten said that success and defeat both happens in your psyche first and then only it actually happens in life. With the belief, the power to accomplish comes to you and will power makes or breaks the things. How to strengthen your will power should be the training given to the persons so that they make all their efforts with full vigor and earnestness. Chanakya also believed that if one decides to do a particular work, he should do is with full vigor, like a lion does his kills. He should make all out efforts to accomplish the work whether it is small or big. The famous poet Aziz Aijay put it very succinctly in the following words.

Jaisa dard ho vaisa manjar hota hai,

Mausam to insan ke andar hota hai.

(If there is doom in the mind the person gets doomed and all the pleasures are also there in his psyche only.)

Now we will talk about the intelligence of emotions. Can some kind of intelligence be brought into the emotions? The famous psychologist E.L.Thorn-dike has proposed one facet of Emotional Intelligence in one of his articles which was published in the famous Harper's Magazine. He named this facet of Emotional Intelligence as Social Emotional Intelligence. He talked about Emotional Intelligence in the inter personal relations between the human beings. This intelligence can be acquired by any person by understanding his own emotions and the emotions of other persons and then establishing an emotional chord with them to interact better. But the contemporary psychologist completely rejected this thesis. They described this social emotional intelligence as treachery to achieve one’s objective by maneuvering the emotions of the other. Actually they did not realize that social intelligence is a behavioral intelligence different than the educational intelligence. Behavioral intelligence is practical whereas educational intelligence is a theoretical intelligence. After doing deep research into this subject the psychologist Robert Stenberg found that the social emotional intelligence is that part of the intelligence of human beings by possessing which one can be more successful in behaving with his counterparts in every sphere. So he gave full credence to the thesis proposed by Thorn dike of social emotional intelligence. Now nearly all the psychologists have agreed on this thesis of social emotional intelligence. Inter personal behavioral intelligence was talked about first by Harvard Gardener who was a psychologist at Harvard school. While speaking about the school education he proposed the doctrine of ‘spectrum of talent’ and he propounded to develop and lead a student in the area wherein his talent lies. Keeping every student engaged in the basic education mean killing his inherent talent. He first of all proposed that the intelligence quotient propounded as the gauge of evaluating talent of a student is basically faulty and wrong. In a book written by him and named ‘Frames of mind’ he regarded talent as multi faceted. He evaluated at least 20 different kinds of talents. He also divided interpersonal behavioral intelligence into four spheres. First sphere was leadership talent, the second sphere was the friendship talent, the third was the talent of settling disputes and the fourth was the talent of social evaluation. The inter personal Intelligence basically is the capability to understand the mind make up of some other person. A leader, a salesman, a preacher and a teacher all of them have good Interpersonal Intelligence as they have it as a job need. They also have good personal intelligence. To understand one’s own emotions is an important part of Emotional Intelligence. Without understanding one’s own emotions and without being able to control them one can became an emotional slave as Dhrutrashtra was trapped emotionally in the love for Duryodhana his son.

Those who have ability to control their emotions live a better quality of life and they can take a decision which is not motivated by emotions. So controlling the impulses of emotions is very essential. But it actually is very difficult. This ability to control one’s emotions cannot be same in all the persons. Even in the children of the age less than 5 years this capacity to control emotions is not the same. The intensity of the emotional impulses also varies from person to person. There is no better success than the successful control of the emotions because the intensity of emotions can drag you to emotional hijacking. Walter Michelle carried out an experiment on the children of a preschool situated in the Stanford University Campus. This experiment was carried out in 1960 and became famous as Double Marshmallow Experiment. In it the children were given one marshmallow each and were promised another marshmallow if they don’t eat the one given to them for more than fifteen minutes. This experiment was carried out to check the children’s capacity to resist the greed or desire to eat the marshmallow given to them. Children tried in many ways to resist the greed to eat the marshmallow given to them. Some closed their eyes, others sat quietly by putting their heads between their ankles. Some started talking with each other and some started playing. Only some of them could control to greed for eating the marshmallow given to them and they were rewarded with the second marshmallow. There students were identified and their behavior was monitored in their future life. It was found that they were more secure emotionally and were more successful in their life. One should always try to test his/her patience. By this both your intelligence and diligence increase. Goal directed self imposed delay of gratification is the best way to control the emotions and the impulse of emotions. This technology of suppression of emotions is a healthy defense mechanism. To stop any impulse of any emotion is the key to success in the life. The capabilities of the human being are unlimited and by intelligence of emotions he can balance out the positive as well as negative emotions. Even an ordinary level of anxiety, if used in balanced manner can be immensely beneficial and if it is not controlled it can both undermine a person’s understanding as well as his expression capabilities. Making any impulse or emotion useful is actually the emotional intelligence. The Anxiety before appearing in an examination if controlled properly leads to a better preparation and success in the examination and if not controlled then leads to spoiling of the entire situation. So the anxiety should be used to increase the capacity to accomplish a task and the quality of the output. The relation of anxiety with performance can be expressed graphically as an inverted U. The crest of this curve gives the optimum level of anxiety where the best output is achieved. The lower level of anxiety will lead to working without any zeal and dis-interest in the work and the higher levels if anxiety will lead to emotional chocking and worst output.

(Maximum Anxiety) (Optimal Anxiety)

(Mninmum Anxiety / (Minimum Performance/

Minimum Performance) Maximum Anxiety)

(Anxiety)

The mental creativity of the author is associated with this optimal anxiety of his brain. It is called as hypo mania. Under this stage of hypo mania, only they get recreational instincts for finding out the solution of any problem. We should try to solve it only when we are in the good mood in which we generally have broad mind set. We should always be out of the narrow mind set. Even if a joke is cracked before dwelling on a difficult issue it will blossom the mind set and we will then be able to solve the problem with an extra ordinary ease. Therefore, you should keep a positive mind set and should take every problem light -heartedly.

So the success formula of the life is control on emotions. You should be able to shrug off all negative emotions as otherwise they will entangle you. You should also control positive emotion as in excess they also can harm you ultimately. Those who have these capabilities they don’t need any motivation from outside as they are self motivated. One should also be able to understand the positive and negative emotions of others as that was develops empathy and sympathy in your mind for others which will help you in understanding them in a better way. By doing these you will become socially more successful and can be very popular among people you are interacting with. Everybody doesn’t have same level of this capacity but by efforts this capacity can be developed.

Pavan Kumar Sharma I.R.S